List of Solar System extremes

 This article describes extreme locations of the Solar System. Entries listed in bold are Solar System-wide extremes.

By featureEdit

Record	Data	Feature	Ref.
Largest canyon	4000 km long, 200 km wide	Valles Marineris, Mars	[1]
Tallest mountain	22 km (13.6 mi)	Rheasilvia central peak, Vesta	[2][3]
Tallest volcano	25 km (15.5 mi)	Olympus Mons, Mars	[4]
Tallest cliff	20 km (12.4 mi)	Verona Rupes, Miranda, Uranus	[5]
Largest impact crater	2,700 km (1,700 mi)	North Polar Basin, Mars	[6]

By classEdit

Type	Average density		Average temperature		Average surface gravity
	Lowest	Highest	Lowest	Highest	Lowest	Highest
Star	1.4 g/cm3 Sun [7][8]		5778 K Sun [9][10]		274 m/s2 Sun [11]
Major planet	0.7 g/cm3 Saturn [12][13]	5.51 g/cm3 Earth [14][15]	73 K Neptune [16][17][18]	733 K Venus [19]	3.70 m/s2 Mercury [18]	23.1 m/s2 Jupiter [18]
Dwarf planet	2 g/cm3 Pluto	3 g/cm3 Haumea	30 K Makemake	167 K Ceres	0.27 m/s2 Ceres	0.8 m/s2 Eris
Major moon of major or dwarf planet [NB 1]	0.98 g/cm3 Tethys	3.53 g/cm3 Io [20][21]	38 K Triton [22]	250 K Moon [23]	0.064 m/s2 Mimas	1.796 m/s2 Io

Type	Escape velocity		Mass		Volume (radius)
	Lowest	Highest	Lowest	Highest	Lowest	Highest
Star	617.7 km/s Sun [11]		332,830 MEarth Sun [24][25]		695,000 km Sun [25]
Major planet	4.3 km/s Mercury [18]	59.5 km/s Jupiter [18]	0.055 MEarth Mercury [26]	318 MEarth Jupiter [24]	2500 km Mercury [27]	69911 km Jupiter [26]
Dwarf planet	0.51 km/s Ceres	1.3 km/s Eris	0.0002 MEarth Ceres	0.0028 MEarth Eris	487.3 km Ceres	1187 km Pluto
Major moon of major or dwarf planet [NB 1]	0.16 km/s Mimas	2.74 km/s Ganymede	0.000006 MEarth Mimas	0.0250 MEarth Ganymede [28]	198 km Mimas	2634 km Ganymede [20][28]

Extreme characteristic	Major planet	Dwarf planet	Major moon (of a major or dwarf planet) [NB 1]
Densest atmosphere	Venus[NB 2] [29][30]	Pluto	Titan [29]

By objectEdit

Astronomical body	Elevation (height above/below datum)		Elevation (height above/below base)		Surface temperature
	Highest	Lowest	Highest	Lowest	Highest	Lowest
Sun	N/A				100,000,000 K In a solar flare [31]	1240 K In a sunspot [32]
Mercury			3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Caloris Montes, northwest Caloris Basin rim mountains [33][34]		723 K Dayside of Mercury [35]	89 K Permanently shaded polar craters [36]
Venus	11 kilometres (6.8 mi) Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra [37][38][39][40]	3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Diana Chasma, Aphrodite Terra [40][41]			755 K lowlands of Venus [36]	644 K Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra [36]
Earth	8,848 metres (29,029 ft) Mount Everest, Nepal - Tibet, China [42]	10,971 metres (35,994 ft) Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean [43]	10,200 metres (33,500 ft) Mauna Kea, Hawaii, United States of America [42]	7 kilometres (4.3 mi) Marianas Trench, Pacific Ocean [44]	330 K Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley, United States (more info)	184 K Vostok Station, Antarctica (more info)
Mars	27 kilometres (17 mi) Olympus Mons, Tharsis [42]	6 kilometres (3.7 mi) Hellas Planitia [45]	24 kilometres (15 mi) Olympus Mons, Tharsis [46]	9 kilometres (5.6 mi) Melas Chasma, Valles Marineris [47]	293 K Martian equator in midsummer day [48]	120 K Martian poles in the depths of winter night [48]
Jupiter	N/A				152 K [49]	110 K [49]
Saturn	N/A				143 K [50]	82 K [50]
Uranus	N/A				68 K [51]	59 K [51]
Neptune	N/A				53 K [52]	50 K [52]
Moon	10,786 metres (35,387 ft) 5.4125°, 201.3665° [53][54]	9.06 kilometres (5.63 mi) Antoniadi Crater (-172.58°E, 70.38°S)			400 K midday on the equator [55]	26 K Permanently shadowed southwestern edge of the northern polar zone Hermite Crater in winter solstice [55]
Io			17.3 kilometres (10.7 mi) Boosaule Montes [56][57]
Europa			2 kilometres (1.2 mi) conical mountain (34.5N, 169.5W) [58]		132 K Subsolar temperature [59]
Ganymede					156 K Subsolar temperature [59]	80 K Nighttime temperature [60]
Callisto					168 K Subsolar temperature [59]	80 K Predawn nighttime temperature [61]
Titan	2 km (1.2 mi) Mithrim Montes, Xanadu[62]
Mimas
Enceladus					110 K Tiger Stripes [63]
Tethys
Dione
Rhea
Iapetus			20 kilometres (12 mi) Voyager Mountains, equatorial ridge and bulge [64][65][66]
Ariel
Umbriel
Titania
Oberon
Miranda			20 kilometres (12 mi) 20 kilometres (12 mi) Verona Rupes [5]
Triton
Nereid
Proteus
Charon
Ceres			4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) Ahuna Mons [67][68]		235 K [69]
Pluto	3.4 km (2.1 mi) Norgay Montes, Tombaugh Regio[70]				45 K [71]	35 K [71]
Eris					41 K [72]	30 K [72]
Makemake
Haumea
The bodies included in this table are: (1) planemos; (2) major planets, dwarf planets, or moons of major or dwarf planets, or stars; (3) hydrostatically round so as to be able to provide a geodetic datum line.

By distanceEdit

• List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article  Metasyntactic variable, which is released under the  Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.